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Thyroid cancer is usually diagnosed from a cytological (cell) sample taken with a needle from a nodule that the patients has found in the neck.

The usual symptom of testicular cancer is a nodule found by the patient in either of the testicles. Testicular cancer is divided into two types: seminomas and non-seminomas.

We know that many cancers can metastasize to the liver, but cancer in the liver itself is rather uncommon.

Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer among men. Of all cancers, prostate cancer is, in fact, the most common form of cancer in the whole population.

Cancer in the kidney (renal cancer, hypernephroma) causes blood to spill into in the urine which may be a first symptom. The cancer is visualized in imaging studies of the abdomen.

The intestinal cancers include cancer of the colon and cancer of the rectum. These cancers have their origin in the glands of the inner surface of the intestine. They are the third most common cancers in Finland.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Finland.

An individual treatment plan is tailored for each patient. The outcome of the treatment plan depends on the type of cancer and how far it has spread, the patient's general condition, age and concomitant illnesses. Thus, patients with the same cancer may have different treatment plans.

Cancer screening is the systematic search for the precursors or early stages of cancer from among the population.

The diagnosis is made by examination of tumour tissue samples obtained in connection with gastroscopy. Stomach cancer is treated by surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.